Insulin is necessary for the body to be able to use glucose for energy. Insulin is produced by the pancreas. When you eat food, the body breaks down all of the sugars and starches into glucose, which is the basic fuel for the cells in the body. Insulin takes the sugar from the blood into the cells. When glucose builds up in the blood instead of going into cells, it can cause two problems:
- Right away, your cells may be starved for energy.
- Over time, high blood glucose levels may hurt your eyes, kidneys, nerves or heart.
Type-1
The body does not produce insulin, which is needed to take sugar (glucose) from the blood to the cells. In people with type 1 diabetes, the pancreas no longer makes insulin. The beta cells have been destroyed. They need insulin shots to use glucose from meals. Diabetes sometimes damages kidneys so badly that they no longer work. When kidneys fail, one option is a kidney transplant. There are also pancreas transplants, as well as islet cell transplants. Diabetes carries an increased risk for heart attack, stroke, and complications related to poor circulation. Diabetes can damage the kidneys, which not only can cause them to fail, but can also make them lose their ability to filter out waste products. This is called nephropathy. Diabetes can cause eye problems and may lead to blindness. People with diabetes do have a higher risk of blindness than people without diabetes. Early detection and treatment of eye problems can save your sight. One of the most common complications of diabetes is diabetic neuropathy. Neuropathy means damage to the nerves that run throughout the body, connecting the spinal cord to muscles, skin, blood vessels, and other organs. People with diabetes can develop many different foot problems. Foot problems most often happen when there is nerve damage in the feet or when blood flow is poor. Learn how to protect your feet by following some basic guidelines.
Type-2
It is the most common form of diabetes. In type 2 diabetes, either the body does not produce enough insulin or the cells ignore the insulin. Conditions associated with type 2 diabetes include hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia. Some complications of type 2 diabetes include: heart disease (cardiovascular disease), blindness (retinopathy), nerve damage (neuropathy), and kidney damage (nephropathy). Type-2 can be managed a combination of with a proper diet, medication and insulin supplementation. This disease used to be also seen primarily in adults over age 40, in contrast to type-1, it is now increasingly seen in children and adolescents, an increase thought to be linked to rising rates of obesity in this age group
For more info visit the American Diabetes Association website.
This was just a small intro into the disease. It's one the can wreak havoc on the human body, but also one that can be preventable and controlled even up to the point where no medication at all is needed. Seeing some of the things that my Dad went through was hard, leading up to the point where Gastric-bypass surgery was needed including a month long stay in the hospital. It was a rough situation that definitely pushed me even more to be conscious of my own health and of those that I care about. I'm glad to say now that he is a lot healthier person and his Diabetes is in much better control.
The more everyone understands how being overweight and unhealthy can lead to diseases such as Diabetes the more a person can take charge of their own health to live a longer fulfilling life. Take those first steps, they may be hard but completely worth it.